Round table “Laboratory diagnosis of allergies to anesthetics in dentistry”

Round table “Laboratory diagnosis of allergies to anesthetics in dentistry”

An allergic reaction to anesthetic agents is an unusual reaction of the immune system to the administration of anesthetic agents and can present with symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe allergic reactions. Among the most common anesthetics in dentistry, lidocaine, articaine (septanest, ubistezin, ultracaine), and mepivacaine should be noted. In modern dentistry, manifestations of allergic reactions to active components, for example, articaine and other ester “caines” based on amides, are observed. Laboratory diagnosis of allergies to anesthetics in dentistry is an integral part of safe practice and helps prevent possible allergic reactions in patients.

On May 5, 2024, a round table “Laboratory diagnosis of allergies to anesthetics in dentistry” was held, in which residents of 1-2 years of study in the specialties “Allergology and Immunology (adults, children)”, “Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics” took part. Organizers of the round table: Associate Professor, Ph.D. Yagofarov F.F., Ph.D. Kozubaeva D.B., Abdrakhmanova G.Zh., Ph.D. Kudaibergenova N.K. During the discussion, questions were raised – how to avoid the most severe manifestations of the body’s reaction in a dentist’s practice to various components of anesthetics and timely provision of assistance.

Students were introduced to a modern laboratory method for studying allergic reactions. The drug intolerance test – CAST (Cellular Antigen Stimulation Test) is also called an in vitro provocative test. The method is patented, the authors are prof. De Weck and Dr. Sainte-Laudy. CAST has the highest specificity compared to the classic histamine release test. The method has a specificity of more than 90%. The use of the CAST test avoids the use of life-threatening provocative tests and does not pose any risk to the patient. The patient donates blood to the laboratory and brings with him the specific drug to which an allergic reaction is suspected.