The third meeting of the student scientific circle was held at the Department of Propaedeutics of Childdren Diseases on 11.30.2023. The meeting was attended by assistants of the department Rakhimbayeva S.Zh., Koishybayeva K.Zh., Abayeva K.D., Zhangalieva G.M., Kabdollina Zh.U and Shakirova A.A., responsible for the work of the SSC, 4th year students of the specialty “Medicine”. With a report on “Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors: from childhood to adulthood. A review of the latest data” was made by a student of the 4311 group GM Masherbayeva Nuran. The presentation aroused great interest among the participants of the circle. During the report, Nuran explained in detail and clearly the essence and characteristics of this condition.
She said that according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the overall prevalence of obesity worldwide has almost tripled since 1975. In 2016, 39% of adults aged 18 and over were overweight, and 13% were obese. However, among children and adolescents aged 5 to 19, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased even more sharply: overweight increased from 4% in 1975 to more than 18% in 2016.
She also shared information about possible complications of obesity, which are associated with a high incidence of well-known cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.
At the end of the presentation, Nuran made the following conclusions:
– Preventive strategies should cover the whole family and ideally begin before conception.
– The increased risk of obesity begins even earlier, even during pregnancy. Parental health affects fetal development and the risk of obesity in childhood and adolescence, while obesity and related metabolic risk factors are monitored in adulthood and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population.
– The role of childhood associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinism or hypertension with increased cardiovascular risk has been proven.
– Some new risk factors, such as maternal smoking, postnatal growth characteristics, the effect of dietary components on gene expression or fructose intake on uric acid levels, are also important elements.
– Since the role of diet is complex, limiting the consumption of highly processed foods should be promoted and the consumption of natural products or products with minimal processing should be encouraged. Personalized interventions are recommended to improve the cardiorespiratory state.
Nuran’s speech elicited good responses from the students, who were grateful for the interesting and relevant report in the modern world.